review of "Zoom Europa" of 18 February 2009 on ARTE
. Part 1: Includes school in Italy
We are in the studio of "Zoom Europa".
Moderator: Earlier this year, the UN Convention on the protection of people with disabilities came into force. It prohibits all forms of discrimination. People with disabilities will be assured the right to an independent, self-determination, to social protection and access to education. This agreement that is currently being ratified by EU Member States is overdue for-ones life situation of many disabled people in Europe, is far removed from what the UN wants. Thus, a disabled child unlucky when it comes to the world in Germany. With us it must usually after the primary in the special school. While maintaining 80% of children and young people who attend these schools, no NEN-qualified graduates. Equality of opportunity is different and is already practiced in Italy for over 30 years.
We now see a young Italian man in an electric wheelchair, the first breakfast and then makes his way to school.
Voice Over: Even the most ordinary gesture requires a lot of organization. The 18-year-old Luca suffers from birth to muscle wasting. But his advantage: He lives in Italy, the European country with the best integration of the disabled into the education system from primary to high schools. Two percent of the disabled must in fact a public school . Visit Lucas's father was something.
Father Lucas: We bring Luca her every morning. Like other schools in Italy, it is handicapped accessible. Luca
We see it pass easily through the space school.
Luca: I feel at this school very well. It is very disabled friendly. I get no problems from one classroom to another, if I have a floor above must be-I use the elevator. I feel very well integrated. There are always friends to help me.
Voice Over: This school is one of the most advanced in Rome. The integration is coordinated by vice-principal Ottavio Fattorini.
Ottavio Fattorini: Disabled Students in our care in addition to special education teachers. Thanks to their help she will be fully integrated into school life.
We now see the assembled special education school.
Voice Over: And these are the special education teachers. A total of 93,000 to 190,000 mentally and physically disabled. So a teacher for two students. For each individual to develop personal goals. While previously disabled were accommodated in psychiatric hospitals such as this, was founded in 1977, the legal obligation to integrate them into the traditional school system. And although the full. Even in the theoretical subjects is about being different, as here in philosophy classes.
philosophy teacher (his pupils): normality, there is basically none. Everyone contributes something new in itself, something special. And it is the duty of society to respect the particularities of each individual.
Voice Over: In the swimming pool. (Lifeguard whistles) This whistle is not the end of a competition, but he asks the students in the advanced course in sport to assist the disabled. Mutual aid is important here.
Ottavio Fattorini: These are the students of the sports section. They participate in sports in addition to teaching, also in swimming lessons for disabled students. You are in a pool. They help the disabled Schülern, schwimmen zu lernen. Natürlich unter der Verantwortung des Sportlehrers, der zugleich ein Sonderpädagoge ist. Bei dieser Tätigkeit sind die behinderten Schüler vollständig integriert.
Off-Stimme: Die Kosten für die intensive Betreuung: 400 Euro für jeden Behinderten je Stunde. Das Bei-spiel der körperlich und geistig behinderten Emanuela zeigt, dass es sich lohnt.
Schwimmlehrerin: Das ist das Ergebnis unserer Arbeit. Emanuela kann schwimmen, ohne gehalten zu werden. Weiter so Emanuela. Der Mund schaut aus dem Wasser heraus.
Off-Stimme: Doch geschult wird nicht nur die Motorik, sondern auch der körperliche Ausdruck. Jeder Schüler muss eine Situation nachspielen. Emanuelas goal is to address the others.
Emanuela: I feel good. It has already taught me many things here that I could not previously, that I did not learn in other schools. I can go to a different place when the teacher asks me a question. I can show everything I can.
Voice Over: Luca wants to be a film critic. At this school he can specialize in classical literature.
Lucas: Because I can attend this school, I have the future opportunity of a good education for my to. I learn with others to be together and sit down with them apart.
voice-over: to realize his professional dreams, das scheint hier für einen behinderten Schüler nicht mehr unmöglich zu sein.
Lucas Vater: Es gibt Dinge, die noch verbessert werden müssen. Schulen wie diese gibt es nämlich nicht überall in Italien. Das System ist nicht perfekt, aber im Grossen und Ganzen funktioniert es recht gut. Es ist ein Vorbild für andere Länder.
Off-Stimme: Jedem seine Herausforderung. Die des Autisten Nicolo bestand darin, singen zu lernen. Er hat es geschafft - zum ersten Mal in seinem Leben.
Teil 2: Wie Eltern von Kindern mit Down-Syndrom in Grossbritannien unterstützt werden
Moderator: enable disabled and children to fulfill their life dreams, they need targeted support. Which must be politically desirable. In addition, a social climate is necessary to disabled children and their parents not stigmatized. Not uncommon for parents who have decided to bring a handicapped child into the world, although there were still the possibility of abortion, declared insane. We need a climate that allows both: the abortion without blame and support for those who opt for the birth of a child with disabilities. Zoom Europe has demanded in the UK, as there Parents are assisted to get a child with Down syndrome and what is being done to allow the children to own a normal life.
We are in the language education for disabled children.
voice-over: first letters, then words, always associated with signs, the children learn with Down syndrome. Makaton is, the language to help them learn to talk. Who's turn now, asks the teacher. Oliver. Each word is progress, progress is slow. Most have been teaching here for two years. It is important that they start early.
language teacher: children with Down syndrome learn with their eyes. You need visual assistance. If I dog sage und dazu dieses Zeichen mache, meistens benutz ich auch noch ein Bild, dann haben sie drei verschiedene Möglichkeiten, sich an das Wort zu erinnern. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass sie es tun, ist grösser wenn sie den Gegenstand sehen, den sie benennen sollen.
Off-Stimme: George, Tattys Sohn, leidet am Down-Syndrom und ist Autist. Er ist fünf Jahre alt und geht in eine staatliche Schule, die alle aufnimmt – Behinderte und Nichtbehinderte.
Mutter: Er hat seine eigene Lehrerin hier, die sich um ihn kümmert, die mit ihm schwimmen geht. Er hat Sprechunterricht jede Woche. Er hat Physiotherapie. Es ist unglaublich, was diese Schule leistet und wie das hilft.
Off-Stimme: Acht behinderte Kinder sind in dieser Londoner Vorschule. Die Tolworth-Schule will die Behinderten integrieren, nicht isolieren. Nicht alle Schulen tun dies so vorbildlich, aber Integration statt Isolation ist das Ziel britischer Behindertenpolitik. Ein Ziel, für das die Eltern der Betroffenen kämpften, ein Ziel, das seit Jahren auch Politik und Gesellschaft verfolgen. Es gibt die finanziellen Hilfen unabhängig vom Einkommen der Betroffenen. 70 Euro pro Woche erhält George, 55 Euro Tatty, seine Mutter die ihn betreut. Den Kauf des Kleinwagens finanzierte der Staat. Massnahmen, die darauf abzielen, Kinder und ihre Familien zu integrieren, statt Behindertenheime zu finanzieren und die Last des Alltags erträglicher zu machen.
Mutter: Ich liebe mein Child about everything. I can not imagine a life without George. George has his own character. He develops his own with his slowness and he taught us what is important in life. 40 years it is the society for Down's syndrome, a society whose members are relatives of those affected. Since its inception, as all are agreed, there have been enormous changes, including these:
Susanna Seyman, Association for Down Syndrome: The number of women who abort their child when they learn that it has Down syndrome, decreases. I mean, it is still high. 92% end their pregnancy if the test was positive. But a few years ago the figure was 98%. It gibt also einen Rückgang von Schwangerschaftsabbrüchen. Diesen Trend bestätigen auch die Telefongespräche, die wir über unsere Help-Line führen. Ein Grund dafür ist, dass die zukünftigen Eltern meinen, dass die soziale Umwelt für ihre Kinder, dass die gesellschaftliche Akzeptanz ihrer Kinder besser geworden ist.
Off-Stimme: Paula Nono gehört zu denen, die nicht abtrieben. Auch sie hatte einen Test gemacht. Ihren Mann hatte sie spät kennengelernt. Mit 41 haben sie geheiratet. Ein Kind wollten sie beide haben. Paula machte den Test aufgrund ihres Alters. Mit dem Test kam der Schock.
Paula Nono: Natürlich hatten wir Angst. Mein Mann noch ein Bisschen mehr als ich. Nicht so sehr vor dem, what would happen to us. What will happen to the child, even when we are old or something happens to us, we wondered. But then we fast courage and decided to give birth. Trusting that at worst are social structures that capture our child and not leave it alone would.
Voice Over: Paula has had during its decision phase always good advice and never felt left alone. Your decision, no regrets. The advice she was looking for. Legally this is required in the UK yet, although the Down Syndrome Society would like the Sun
Part 3: EU-wide Equal Opportunities Act: where in Europe people with disabilities treated today are
Moderator: But what are the social structures it actually disabled people to lead an independent life when your own family when helping the parents can not? It still means for many disabled people then: From the home. When they eat, stand up, or washed, they decide not even then. Is impossible for them to exercise a profession. According to the will of the EU Commission should change now. We show you where it is already in Europe for people with disabilities is difficult to cope with everyday life and where ihnen das Leben leichter gemacht wird.
Off-Stimme: Jacqueline Schmidt und Rolf Enzlinger sind beide auf den Rollstuhl angewiesen. Sie leidet an Polio, an Kinderlähmung, er ist spastisch gelähmt. Strassburg – eigentlich eine behindertenfreundliche Stadt. Die meisten öffentlichen Gebäude sind barrierefrei, doch bei weitem nicht jedes Geschäft. Oft sind es nur Zentimeter. Dass an den Strassenbahnen Rampen gebaut wurden, das hat Rolf Enzlinger seinem eigenen Engagement zu verdanken. Vor ein paar Jahren hat er mit Gleichgesinnten dafür die Schienen blockiert. Jetzt ist der Zugang zur Bahn ohne fremde Hilfe möglich. Rolf Enzlinger und Jacqueline Schmidt engagieren sich bei der Association de paralisé de france, dem Verband paralyzed people. They defend themselves against discrimination require for even the legal minimum wage. With around 600 € you get them, not even half.
Jacqueline Schmidt: disabled to pay rent. Yes, you pay less, they pay the same rent as everyone. Then they have to spend money on food. And there are other costs, not only medical and technical aids. This all has to be ensured. A minimum of 600 engineers, as is the case currently is not enough by far.
Voice Over: Also in Strasbourg will adopt the European Parliament is now a far-reaching anti-discrimination policy. No one should based on age, religion, belief, sexual orientation or disability discrimination. So far, the rule only applies to the workplace, now they will apply to all areas of life. But many conservative politicians is going too far. They do not want the EU scheme. The individual states should decide.
Thomas Mann, EU parliamentarians European People's Party: We can accomplish that alone. A common European consciousness we have, but the implementation of it must remain within the competence of the Member States. That is why we are Chirstdemokraten against such a large, bureaucratic space of now is to be created. This can not work.
Voice Over: Die Konservativen drohen, die Richtlinie im Parlament zu boykottieren. ES gebe ohne hin schon genügend Gesetze gegen Diskriminierung.
Corina Zolle, Forum für persönliche Assistenz behinderter Menschen: Solange Menschen noch ins Heim geschickt werden, ohne dass sie das wollen oder solange öffentliche Gebäude, wie Kinos, Theater oder auch die Bahn nicht zugänglich sind für Menschen im Rollstuhl oder mit anderen Behinderungen, solange ist die Gesetzeslage noch lange nicht auf dem Stand wie sie seien müsste.
Off-Stimme: In Deutschland können die wenigsten Behinderten frei darüber entscheiden, wo sie leben. Corina Zolle ist eine Ausnahme. Die Molekular-Biologin leidet unter Spinaler Muskelatrophie. She needs round the clock care. Nevertheless, she does not live in the home, but at home, working and independent, because they have personal assistants. The "replace" she says, my hands and feet. But the model of personal assistance in Germany is the exception, and we must deal with his income and assets contribute to the cost. You can only keep the Hatz IV set. Corina inches perceives this as discrimination. It is not to blame for their illness. Why should they not allowed to earn as much as a healthy person.
Voice Over: There is another way, namely in Sweden. Adolf Ratzka has set up the system here. From him even coined the term "Personal Assistance ". Adolf Ratzka is suffering from polio at age 17. He studied in the United States was already disabled guests. His career took him 35 years ago in Sweden. There he is involved since then for the disabled, has set up a cooperative, the Institute leads for Independent Living in Stockholm. In Sweden, for years no one lives in a home. Personal assistance is the norm. The disabled make their own wizard and learn from them.
Adolf Ratzka: I am the boss, I decide. So I am subject, not object. I am the doer, not the passive, which must accept that everything has to put up with.
Voice Over: The System is even economical. The disabled employ 60,000 people across the country, paid for by the state. The personal income remains unchanged in Sweden. Adolf Ratka leads a fairly normal life, is married with a daughter, a profession that often takes him abroad. He participates in the budget even with the help of his assistant, he declines, he is unable to do.
Adolf Ratzka: So I can my life really is hard to imagine without a personal assistant. Living in an institution in Germany to deteriorate, I would probably live no longer, because I would make life not fun. And so I got my polio, with almost 50 years survived because I what have to do because me makes life fun. I am from family, I have friends. All this allows me the personal assistant.
Voice Over: Self-determined life for people with disabilities? In Germany and France, the model of personal assistance is still in its infancy, despite the EU directive against discrimination, despite the UN Convention on the rights of disabled people such as Adolf Ratzka live there in general homes. That it can be different and economically even more expensive, shows the example of Sweden.
Moderator: If our zoom of the week on the situation of disabled people in Europe.
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